Grupo Básico Español – lección treinta y cuatro
Buenos días y bienvenidos a la lección treinta y cuatro de la clase de español.
¿Qué tenemos esta semana?
1.
Esto, eso y aquello
2. Gimnasio para el cerebro o el reloj del miedo – las ropas
3.
Rolling
your RRRs
4.
How
to sound needy in Spanish
5.
Nuestra historia, La Profe,
capitulo once
6.
Por v para
7.
Sueños - el capítulo once continúa (if
there’s time)
¡Empecemos!
Demonstrative
adjectives and demonstrative pronouns
Este (this
m) Estos (these, m)
Esta (this
f) Estas (these f)
Ese (that m) Esos
(those m)
Esa (that f) Esas (that m)
Aquel (that m) Aquellos (those m)
Aquella (that f) Aquellas
(those f)
Esta silla es cómodo – this chair is comfortable
Esta es cómodo – this is comfortable
Esas sillas no son cómodos – those chairs are not comfortable
Esta es cómodo – this is comfortable
Esas sillas no son cómodos – those chairs are not comfortable
Gender nuetral demonstrative pronouns
Esto (this) Estos (these)
Eso (that) Esos (those)
Aquello (that) Aquellos
(those)
Quiz:
1. _____ monos son
cómicos. (Those monkeys
are funny.)
2. ¿Qué es _____? (what is this?)
3.
_____ restaurante es mi favorito. (This restaurant is my favourite.)
4.
Quiero _____ helado blanco. (I
want that white ice
cream.)
5.
Traeme _____ camisa, por favor. (Bring
me that shirt,
please.)
6.
_____ flores son mis favoritas. (Those flowers are my favourites)
7.
_____ león es peligroso. (This lion right here is dangerous.)
8.
_____ león es peligroso. (That lion just there is dangerous.)
9.
_____ chica es muy guapa. (That girl over there is really pretty.)
10. _____ edificios son
los más viejos de la ciudad. (Those buildings over there are the oldest in the
city.)
11. ¡_____ burritos son fantásticos! (These burritos are fantastic!)
12. _____ nubes
llevan la lluvia. (Those clouds over there bring the rain)
13. ¿Quieres _____ manzana? - Would
you like this apple?
14. ¿Quieres _____? - Would
you like this? (I’m holding an apple)
15. ¿Qué son _____ ? (what are those)
16. _____ no me gusta (I don’t like that)
17. _____ margaritas son
ricas. (These margaritas
are delicious.)
18. ¡_____ fue un milagro! (that was a miracle!)
19. _____ león
no es peligroso. (That lion right
over there is not
dangerous.)
20._____ casa es
grandísima. (This house
is enormous.)
Answers:
1.
Esos monos son cómicos. (Those monkeys are funny.)
2. Qué es esto (what is this)
3.
Este restaurante es mi favorito. (This restaurant is my favourite.)
4.
Quiero ese helado blanco. (I want that white ice cream.)
5.
Traeme esa camisa, por favor. (Bring me that shirt, please.)
6.
Esas flores son mis favoritas. (Those flowers are my favourites)
7.
Este león es peligroso. (This lion right here is dangerous.)
8.
Ese león es peligroso. (That lion just there is dangerous.)
9.
Aquella chica es muy guapa. (That girl over there is really pretty.)
10. Aquellos edificios son
los más viejos de la ciudad. (Those buildings over there are the oldest in the
city.)
11. ¡Estos burritos son fantásticos! (These burritos are fantastic!)
12. Aquellas nubes llevan
la lluvia. (Those clouds over
there bring the rain)
13. ¿Quieres esta manzana? - Would
you like this apple?
14. ¿Quieres esta? - Would
you like this? (I’m holding an apple)
15. ¿Qué son esos? (what are those?)
16. Eso – that matter/thing – Eso no me gusta
(I don’t like that)
17. Estas margaritas son
ricas. (These margaritas
are delicious.)
18. Aquello – that matter/thing (over there) – ¡Aquello fue un milagro! (that was a miracle!)
19. Aquel león no es
peligroso. (That lion right over
there is not dangerous.)
20.Esta casa es
grandísima. (This house
is enormous.)
Rolling
your RRRs:
This is one
of the hardest things for new Spanish speakers. I’ve been trying to speak
Spanish for five years and I still can’t do it properly.
John Douglas
used to tell us to roll our Rs in the showerrr, Caroline told me to stand in
front of the mirror and say: burro.
My son says:
Imagine you’re in the bar … say: I’ll have anotherrrr.
Here’s
anotherrr trick: Say “sort of”. Now say it in an American accent … that’s where
your tongue needs to be.
Here’s a
video from Jim and May. https://youtu.be/hTR6gYYW5xU
The phrase
they use is: R con R cigarro, R con R barril. Rápido, ruedan
las ruedas del ferrocarril.
Me hace falta
What’s the verb
“to need” in Spanish. We’ve used it a lot. How would we say:
I need to sleep
more – Necesito dormir más
We need to
get up early tomorrow - Necesitamos levantarnos
temprano mañana
You need to eat
more greens - Necesitas comer más verduras.
All of those
are perfectly good grammar, but in regular, informal or colloquial speech, the
Spanish would probably not use necesitar, they
would say hacer falta.
Hacer means to do/make
Falta means to lack
Hacer
falta is used
in the same way as is used we use gustar or encantar to say we like or love something. Por ejemplo:
me hace falta dormir más
nos hace falta levantarnos temprano mañana
te hacen falta comer más verduras
Te hace falta perder peso and to make it a negative no te hace falta
perder peso
Nos hacen falta más libros en la biblioteca (plural)
How well do we know our indirect object pronouns?
Me me
You (inf) te
Him, her, you (formal), it le
Us nos
You (plural inf) os
They, you (plural formal) les
La Profe
This
page explains the difference between preterite and imperfect: https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/preterite-vs-imperfect-in-spanish
Por and Para
Learning the differences
between por and para is
challenging. In Spanish, you can use both por and para to say:
For
By
On
Through
Because of
In exchange for
In order to
… and several other
prepositions and phrases.
Knowing which once
to use is like choosing between estar and ser. There are rules, but native
speakers just know which one to use and find it hard to explain the rules if
they had to.
Let’s see how good
your intuition is. What the right word in these sentences. Write down the
number of the question and your answer.
1. We spoke by phone.
Hablamos ………… teléfono.
2. She dresses to impress. Ella se viste ………… impresionar.
3. I want a room for next
weekend. Quiero una habitación ………… el próximo fin de semana
4.
I
paid $20 for lunch yesterday. Pagué $20 ………… el almuerzo ayer
5. I bought these flowers for
Maria. Compré estas flores ………… María.
6. Is this train for Madrid? ¿Es este tren …………
Madrid?
7. You stayed at the bar for
six hours. Te quedaste en el bar ………… seis horas.
8.
I
work here for the money. Yo trabajo aquí ………… el
dinero.
I am
not going to give you the answers just yet.
Por suerte (luckily),
there are rules and, as well as the information here, you can also find a
complete guide online in Spanish Dictionary.
So what are the
differences between por and para?
Por is used to
talk about movement, modes and means of travel and communication, exchanges,
duration, and motivation, among other things. Let's take a closer look at some
examples of these common uses of por.
1. Travel and Communication
Por can be used to talk about the way you travel
or communicate. This can refer to mode of travel (car, train, etc.) or
communication (email, phone, etc.) or even the route you take.
La
contacté por correo.
I contacted
her by mail.
|
Viajé por Francia y España.
I travelled through France and Spain.
|
¿Quieres pasar por el parque?
Do you want
to go through the park?
|
2. Exchanges
Por is used to talk about exchanges and trades.
Te cambio mi manzana por tu sandwich.
I'll trade
you my apple for your sandwich.
|
Te doy sesenta pesos por la mochila.
I'll give you sixty pesos for that backpack.
|
3. Duration
Por is used to talk about the length of time an
activity went on for.
Tengo que trabajar por ocho horas hoy.
I need to
work for eight hours today.
|
¿Dormiste por 12 horas?
¡Qué vida la tuya!
You slept for 12 hours? What a life you have!
|
4. Motivation
Por is used to talk about motivations or reasons
for doing something.
Por su amor a los niños, quiere ser pediatra.
Because of
her love for children, she wants to be a pediatrician.
|
Trabajo por ti, porque te quiero cuidar.
I work for you, because I want to take care of
you.
|
Para
Para is used to talk about destinations, recipients,
deadlines, and goals.
1. Destinations
Para is used to talk about physical destinations,
especially the end point of a trip.
Salgo para Chile mañana.
I leave for
Chile tomorrow.
|
¿Para dónde vas con tanta prisa?
Where are you going in such a hurry?
|
2. Recipients
Para is used to indicate the intended recipient of
something, such as a gift.
Este regalo es para Adela.
This gift is
for Adela.
|
No, Bruno. Estos chocolates no son para los perros.
No, Bruno. These chocolates aren't for dogs.
|
3. Deadlines
Para is used to talk about deadlines, including
dates and times.
Necesito la presentación para el viernes.
I need the
presentation by Friday.
|
Tengo que terminar esto para las ocho.
I need to finish this by eight o'clock.
|
4. Goals
Para is used to talk about goals and purposes. It's
especially common to see para used with an
infinitive to talk about why something is done.
Trabaja mucho para ganar más dinero.
He works a
lot in order to earn more money.
|
Corro para mantenerme en forma.
I run to stay in shape.
|
Let’s try our test again. Have you changed your mind?
1. We spoke by phone.
Hablamos ……… teléfono.
2. She dresses to impress. Ella se viste ……… impresionar.
3. I want a room for next weekend.
Quiero una habitación ……… el próximo fin de semana
4.
I
paid $20 for lunch yesterday. Pagué $20 ……… el almuerzo ayer
5. I bought these flowers for
Maria. Compré estas flores ……… María.
6. Is this train for Madrid? ¿Es este tren ……… Madrid?
7. You stayed at the bar for
six hours. Te quedaste en el bar …….. seis horas.
8.
I
work here for the money. Yo trabajo aquí ……… el
dinero.
1. We spoke by phone. Hablamos
por teléfono.
2. She dresses to impress. Ella se viste para
impresionar.
3.
I
want a room for next weekend. Quiero una habitación para el próximo fin de semana.
Sueños got it slightly wrong in chapter 11. You can say: quiero una habitación por tres noches and also por el fin de semana but not for a specific date like THIS weekend. If it's this weekend you should say PARA
Sueños got it slightly wrong in chapter 11. You can say: quiero una habitación por tres noches and also por el fin de semana but not for a specific date like THIS weekend. If it's this weekend you should say PARA
4.
I
paid $20 for lunch yesterday. Pagué $20 por el
almuerzo ayer
5. I bought these flowers for
Maria. Compré estas flores para
María.
6. Is this train for Madrid? ¿Es este tren para Madrid?
7. You stayed at the bar for
six hours. Te quedaste en el bar por
seis horas.
8.
I
work here for the money. Yo trabajo aquí por el dinero.
There are also many
expressions that are used with por and para. Some very common examples are shown in the table below.
por ejemplo
|
for example
|
para siempre
|
Forever
|
por favor
|
Please
|
para variar
|
just for a change
|
por supuesto
|
of
course
|
para que
|
so that/in
order that
|
por ciento
|
Percent
|
para qué
|
for what reason
|
por qué
|
Why
|
para dónde
|
where
to
|
por fin
|
finally
|
para ti
|
for you
|
Comments
Post a Comment