Grupo Básico Español – lección treinta y cinco
Por tanto: ¿Qué tenemos esta semana?
1.
El reloj del miedo – cosas de
la casa
2.
Por v para de nuevo
3.
Nuestra historia – La Profe
4.
Video
¡Empecemos!
Table – la mesa
Chair – la silla
Door – la puerta
Bed – la cama
Rug – la alfombra
Window - la ventana
The verb to
close is cerrar, to open abrir
I close is cierro/abro. You may want to ask:
¿Cierro/abro la ventana? o ¿Puedo cerrar/abrir la ventana?
The
imperative forms are: cierra (you close) and no cierres (you don’t close); abre
(you open) y no abras (you don’t open). All
those are in the you (informal) conjugation.
This also
works for doors.
Curtains – las cortinas
Blinds – las persianas
Stairs – las escaleras
Plate – un plato
Saucer – un platillo
Cup – la taza
Knife – el cuchillo
Fork – el tenedor
Spoon – la cuchara
Teaspoon – la cucharadita
Saucepan – la cacerola
Microwave - horno microondas
Por v Para de nuevo
So last week
we looked at the rules for how to use each word. That was a lot to learn, some
of the rules were a little ragged around the edges and it was all very
confusing.
Let’s try to
add some clarity …
Locations
Use para
when you are going to a specific destination and por if you are going through
or around a place.
Manejo
para Guadalajara
– I am driving to Guadalajara.
Manejo
por Guadalajara
– I am driving through (or around) Guadalajara
Note that Manejar is to drive in LA and in Spain it’s normally Conducir.
In LA a car is
un carro and in Spain it’s un coche.
Switching
por and para completely changes the meaning. You can use both words in the same
sentence: Este tren es para Londres por Huntingdon y
Sandy – this train is for London by Huntingdon and Sandy.
What would
this mean? Me gusta andar por Guadalajara.
Use para
when going to a specific destination and por when going through or
around/along. Me gusta dar un vuelto por el sendero junto al
río.
Substituting the word ‘for’
Use para when …
A party is in receipt of something – Compré las
flores para mi esposa.
When saying who one works for – mi hermana
trabaja para Woolworth’s.
When there´s a deadline – La tarea necesita ser completado para mañana.
To make a comparison – Para un joven, sabes mucho.
You can substitute para for ‘in order to’. Por ejemplo: estudio para
aprender o una leóna mata para comer.
Also swap ‘in my opinion’ for para (also works for other people’s opinion):
para Sarah los flores son bonitas.
Substituting the word ‘for’
Use por when …
Ther’s an exchange or substitution
– él la da un galleta por la dulce
-
Cocino por ti
-
Trabajo por ti
However, if you’re actually working for someone (for a wage) then trabajo para ti (I know, it´s confusing).
Duration of an action – trabajo por ocho horas todos los días.
When shopping or looking for something – compro por
la leche
NB: if you’re searching for something, remember that buscar means ‘to
look for’, so you would just busco la leche.
Use por when something is done by someone: un
libro por Stephen King.
Use por as the reason why
something happened: por José jugaba con los fósforos,
ya no tenemos una casa.
Use por to convey the way something is done: yo
viajo desde Londres a Quito por avión.
Use por when referring to a unit of measure: yo
manejo cien kilometres por hora.
Video
11 things not to do in Spain – today’s video is by another YouTube couple
– James Blick from New Zealand and his Spanish wife Yolanda Martin. There´s no
Spanish, but there are some useful cultural insights.
Warning: James is a bit annoying!
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