Grupo Básico Español – lección veintitrés
Grupo
Básico Español – lección veintitrés
Buenos
días señores y señoras. Bienvenidos a la lección veintitrés de la clase de
español.
Summary of today’s lesson …
Homework
Conjugation -ir verbs
More gustar
Dates
Need
Last week, we looked again at word endings and how many words
which end in ent, ant, tion, ary, ical, ence and ance can be easily translated
into Spanish by changing to the endings.
Can you remember what those endings change to?
ent becomes ente, so urgent becomes urgente.
ant becomes ante. Constant becomes constante
tion becomes ción. Attention becomes atención
ary becomes ario. Necessary becomes necesario
ical becomes ico. Comical becomes comico
ence becomes encia. Difference becomes diferencia
ance becomes ancia. Importance becomes importancia
This is a great discovery – it gives us a whole range of Spanish
words that we already know. There are some differences, however. How well did
we do with out homework?
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Secretario
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Payment
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Pago (el). This one doesn’t work
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Logical
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Lógico
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Restaurant
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Restaurante
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Influence
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Influencia
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Giant
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Gigante
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Primary
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Primario
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Dormant
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Latente o inactivo (this one doesn’t work)
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Condition
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Condición
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Communication
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Comunicación
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Primary
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Primario
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Translation
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Traducción (another to catch you out)
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Difference
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Diferencia
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Political
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Político
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Importance
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Importancia
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Necessary
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Necesario
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Presence
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Presencia
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Philosophical
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Filosófico
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Performance
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Actuación (another exception to learn)
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Vocabulary
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Vocabulario
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Position
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Posición
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Substance
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Sustancia
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Different
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Diferente
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Essence
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Esencia
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Mutant
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Mutante
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Assistance
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Asistencia
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Contrary
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Contrario
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Station
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Estación
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Circumstance
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Circunstancia (M becomes N)
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Constant
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Constante
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Economical
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Económico
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Supplement
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Suplemento
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Last week, we learned how
to conjugate regular -ar verbs in the present, past and future tenses.
This week, it’s the turn
of -ir verbs. Here’s Xisca to teach us the formula …
Here’s a little table to help you
1.
Salir
… We leave for the airport in the morning. Salimos al aeropuerto por la mañana.
2.
Escribir
… I will write to my brother tomorrow. Le escribiré a mi hermano mañana.
3.
Vivir
… You live in a beautiful town. Tú vives
en una hermosa ciudad.
4.
Recibir
… A footballer will receive massive wages. Un
futbolista recibirá salarios masivos.
5.
Insistir
… He insisted I was wrong! ¡Insistió
en que estaba equivocado!
6.
Asumir
… My sisters assumed I eat meat. Mis hermanas asumieron que yo como carne.
7.
Decidir
… My mother will decide what we eat next week. Mi
madre decidirá lo que comemos la próxima semana.
8.
Venir
… You all come to Spanish every Tuesday. Venís al español todos los martes.
9.
Salir
… Is it time for us to leave? ¿Es hora de que nos salimos?
No olvidaís
los -ar verbos:
11. Olvidar … I forget nothing. Yo no olvido
nada.
12. Mirar … He looked through
the window. Él miró por la ventana.
13. Necesitar … I need to get
up early tomorrow. Necesito levantarme temprano mañana.
14. We forgot the wi-fi code. Olvidamos el codigo wi-fi
15. Reciclar … We recycled all
of our paper this year. Reciclamos todo nuestro papel este año.
So, we are working our
way through Chapter 9 of Sueños and, in our last lesson, we learned how to say
what we liked doing and how to ask what other people liked to do. Can we
remember how to do that?
I like - Me gusta
I love - Me encanta
I don’t like - No me gusta
What do you like to do? -
¿Qué te gusta hacer?
To say what someone else
likes (eg Eric) – A Eric le gusta el chocolate
Me gusta el verbo “gustar”
OK, so gustar is a really
useful verb, one that you will use lots in conversation, so we’re going to look
at some different tenses and their uses.
Very often we want to ask
if someone liked something. In the past tense (preterit), gustar becomes gustó (and gustaron in
the plural).
So we can say: ¿Te gustó la comida? – Did you like the food?
Or ¿Te gustaron los dulces? – Did you like the sweets?
How would we ask our
friend if he liked the film?
¿Te gustó la
película?
How would you ask: Didn’t
you like the food?
¿No te gustó la comida?
And: we didn’t like the
food?
No nos gustó la comida
Did Eric like the food?
¿A Eric, le gustó la comida?
We liked the food
Nos gustó la
comida
NB: be sure to stress the
final ó. Te gustó means “did you like it”, but
if you say “te gusto” it means “do you like me?”
We can also use gustar in the conditional tense to say that you would
like to have something, just as we would use quisiera
(it’s pretty much a straight swap). In this case, we say: me gustaría un pastel (I would like a cake).
How would you ask someone
what they would like to do this morning?
¿Qué te gustaría hacer esta mañana?
OK, nearly done!
The future tense of gusta is gustará and gustan is gustarán but
it is not greatly used. Perhaps you would use it if you wanted to say that you
are sure somebody will like something.
Seguro que te gustará esto pastel
I’m sorry to spend so
much time on gustar, but it really is a very
useful verb. It’s used a great deal in general chit-chat, so it’s good to know
it inside out.
Now we’re going to move
onto dates. We have done days of the week, months of the year and seasons, but
that was a little while ago and I know that you’ve had to absorb lots of
information since then. Let’s have a video from Xisca and then a little verbal
test to see how well you have remembered.
If you cannot remember,
you can say:
Lo he olvidado – I
have forgotten it
No lo recuerdo – I
cannot remember
Thursday
Monday
Sunday
Tuesday
Friday
Wednesday
Saturday
Monday - lunes
Tuesday - martes
Wednesday - miércoles
Thursday - jueves
Friday - viernes
Saturday - sábado
Sunday - domingo
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Ayer
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Hoy
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Mañana
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sábado
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domingo
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lunes
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viernes
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martes
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jueves
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And now the months of the
year:
Lo siento, no sé
Necesito practicar más
November
January
July
March
February
October
April
August
December
May
June
September
January - enero
February - febrero
March - marzo
April - abril
May - mayo
June - junio
July - julio
August - agosto
September - septiembre
October - octubre
November - noviembre
December – diciembre
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El mes pasado
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Este mes
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El mes próximo
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junio
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julio
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agosto
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enero
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abril
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septiembre
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octubre
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The Spanish Word for date
is Fecha – it’s a feminine noun. There are three
ways to ask the date in Spanish.
¿Qué fecha es hoy?
¿En qué fecha estamos?
¿A cómo
estamos?
I would always use the
first.
To answer, you can say
Es el diecisiete de abril (or)
Estamos a diecisiete de abril
I would always use the
first.
In Spanish you say 17,
not 17th. Except in Latin America, where they say el
primero for the first day of the month. The Spanish say uno.
To say what year it is,
the full number will be used. So we are in dos mil, diecinueve.
To say dates in the last century, use mil novecientos. I was born in mil novecientos cincuenta y tres.
Can you write, in
Spanish, the following dates:
Su fecha de nacimiento
Fecha de su boda (si estás casado-a).
How would we say need in
Spanish?
We have used the verb necesitar a lot and that means to need. It’s a really
useful verb.
However, in Spanish the
phrase hacer falta is often used to say
something is needed.
Por ejemplo: hace falta un carro
(a car is needed). If what is needed is plural, then hace
changes to hacen. Por
ejemplo: hacen falta pañales (nappies are needed).
If you wanted to say that
the baby needs nappies, then le hacen falta pañales al
bebe works. The pronoun le is added to indicate that a third person (the
baby) needs the nappies.
Hacer falta is
used a lot, so it is good to know. It will get you an extra mark in your GCSE.
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