Grupo Básico Español – lección siete


Grupo Básico Español – lección siete

Buenos días señores y señoras. Bienvenidos a la lección siete de la clase de español. Vamos a aprender a decir la hora, pero primero vamos a ver la tarea de la semana pasada.

  1. I have to go out tonight. Tengo que salir esta noche.

  1. What do you want to drink? ¿Qué quieres (quieren) tomar (beber)?

  1. Good morning madam. How are you? Buenos días señora ¿Como está?

  1. How old is she? ¿Cuántos años tiene ella?

  1. I would like more milk please. Quisiera más leche por favor.

  1. What colour is it? ¿Qué color es?

  1. Do you have a headache? ¿Tienes un dolor de cabeza?

  1. I would like to know what time the bus leaves for Madrid. Quisiera saber a qué hora sale el autobús para Madrid.

  1. Where are your children this morning? ¿Dónde están tus hijos esta manaña?

  1. I am cold. ¡Tengo frio!


Ahora, vamos a aprender a decir la hora.

To ask the time: ¿Qué hora es?
To ask at what time: ¿A qué hora?

Note that tiempo is weather and time, but when asking the time, we use the form above ¿Qué hora es? – literally “what is the hour”.

Always use hora when talking about specific times such as the time of the day, the time a train leaves or coffee time (la hora del café). Use tiempo when talking about time as an abstract concept – no tengo tiempo (I don't have time) or tienes tiempo para tomar tu té.

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Here are some useful time-related words.

Hoy – today. ¿Qué día es hoy? Hoy es martes.
Mañana – tomorrow. ¿Qué día es mañana? Mañana es miércoles.
El pasado mañana – the day after tomorrow. ¿Qué día es el pasado mañana? El pasado mañana es jueves.
Ayer – yesterday. ¿Qué día fue ayer? Ayer fue lunes.
El anteayer – the day before yesterday. ¿Qué día fue el anteayer? El anteayer fue domingo.

Semana – week. Esta semana, el tiempo está muy mal.
El fin de semana – weekend. Vamos a ir a la playa el fin de semana.
La proxima semana – next week. La próxima semana me voy de vacaciones.
La semana pasada – last week. Fue el cumpleaños de mi tía la semana pasada.

Mañana – morning. Me levanté tarde esta mañana.
Tarde – afternoon. Tengo que ir de compras esta tarde.
Noche – evening or night Esta noche vamos a ir al teatro.
Mediodía – midday El almuerzo es al mediodía.
Medianoche – midnight A medianoche salen los fantasmas.

Madrugada – early hours of the morning Mi vuelo sale en la madrugada.
El amanecer – dawn Mañana debemos levantarnos al amanecer.
El anochecer – dusk Al anochecer prenderemos las luces.
Tarde – late; Apúrate que vamos a llegar tarde.
Más tarde o luego – later


Temprano – early; earlier is más temprano (what is a little earlier) Es muy temprano por eso las tiendas están cerradas.
Retrasado – delayed El autobús está retrasado.
Todos los días - every day Todos los martes voy a la clase de español
Cada día - each day Cada día practico hablar español

¿A qué hora?  - at what time …. ?

¿A qué hora sale el tren para Gijón?
¿A qué hora llega tu amigo John de Gijón?
¿A qué hora se sirve el desayuno?
¿A qué hora cierran las tiendas?

Horas – hours
Minutos – minutes
Segundos – seconds
Cuarto – quarter
Media - half

¿Qué hora es?

Son las diez – it is 10 o'clock

Half-past ten (10.30) is: son las diez y media (ten and a half)
Quarter-past ten (10.15) is: son las diez y cuarto
It is 3.15? Son las tres y cuarto.

To signify whether it is morning, afternoon or evening use: de la mañana, de la tarde o de la noche.

If it is four o'clock, you might want to emphasise that it's bang on the hour by saying: son las cuarto en punto. You could also say: it's exactly 3.30 – son las tres y media en punto.

We have been using the verb ser to say (literally translated) “there are”. If it was 1 o'clock, what would we say?

Es la una o es la una en punto. Es = he/she/it is. Because it’s singular (only one hour) we use es. We would also use the singular form of ser for midday or midnight. Es (it is) mediodía o es medianoche.

Almost is casi, so: es casi medianoche. About is sobre, so: es sobre el mediodía.

To say it is so many minutes past the hour, you say, for example: son las ocho y veinticinco. If you wanted to say it is 8.35, you could say: son las ocho y treinta y cinco o son las nueve menos veinticinco (it is 9 minus 25, so 8.35).

Let’s see if we have taught you well?

I will read out some times in Spanish. You write down what time it is.

  1. La hora es medianoche.
  2. Son las cuatro y media de la tarde
  3. Es la una y cuarto de la tarde
  4. La hora son las once menos diez de la mañana
  5. Son las nueve y diecisiete de la noche


El Día de los Muertos

Tomorrow is Hallowe’en. It has become quite a big event in the UK (thanks to American movies and pumpkin farmers). I don’t know how you feel about it. My wife loves it and buys sweets for trick-or-treaters. I hate it because every time the doorbell chimes, my dog goes berserk (she thinks it’s the postman and it’s her life’s ambition to bite the postman).

In Spain and Latin American, Hallowe’en is called El Día de los Muertos (The Day of the Dead) and is cekbrated on November 2. Traditionally, families would take the opportunity to tidy up the graves of their ancestors and loved ones, bring offerings of their favourite things and spend time remembering their lives.

In Latin America, other local traditions have joined the mix and the native population were also much affected by the Catholic church’s emphasis on death, which they caricature in many fiestas.

Many types of special food and sweets are made for the festival. In Ecuador, there is a special bread made called guaguas de pan (bread babies) – Guagua is a Quechua word for baby - and this is eaten during the ceremonies. In Mexico, El Día de los Muertos is a massive festival with Street parades in Mexico City. These probably have more to do with tourism than tradition. This video gives a flavour. Warning – the man doing the commentary is just a little annoying.



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